A GRAPH is a very simple construction used to model things that can be described as objects and the connections between them. Graph theory is both an area of mathematics and an important tool in ...

Graph theory isn’t enough. The mathematical language for talking about connections, which usually depends on networks—vertices (dots) and edges (lines connecting them)—has been an invaluable ...

The study of such graphs is called graph theory. Engineers need to find planarity in a graph when, for example, they are designing a computer chip without a crossed wire.

Refining with colors Mathematicians have developed various strategies to compare graphs. Since the 1970s, algorithms have been able to test graph isomorphism, but in exponential time.

D. B. West, Introduction to Graph Theory, Prentice Hall 2001 R. Diestel, Graph Theory, Springer 2010. N. L. Biggs, Discrete Mathematics, OUP 2004 J.A.Bondy and U.S.R. Murty, Graph Theory with ...

Cayley graphs provide a powerful and intuitive framework linking group theory with graph theory by representing groups through vertices and edges defined by a generating set. In the realm of ...