IGIS Tech Notes describe workflows and techniques for using geospatial science and technologies in research and extension. They are works in progress, and we welcome feedback and comments below.

Learn how to use Excel’s dynamic array formulas to automate data pairing, save time, and unlock new insights in your analysis. Excel arrays ...

See how to query documents using natural language, LLMs, and R—including dplyr-like filtering on metadata. Plus, learn how to ...

The modern battlefield demands a new breed of Soldier, one equipped not just with physical prowess but also with the ability ...

You’ve probably used SUM a thousand times. Everyone has. SUM is fine for school assignments and tiny tables, but in the real ...

Globally-consistent localization in urban environments is crucial for autonomous systems such as self-driving vehicles and drones, as well as assistive technologies for visually impaired people.

Learn how to sum and count Excel cells by color with 3 easy methods. Save time, reduce errors, and boost your data analysis ...

While we rely on Excel for everything from simple budgeting to complex data analysis, many of us are still stuck using the ...

Glaucoma can be divided into three types, including primary, secondary and congenital. Primary glaucoma is the main type of glaucoma. According to the anatomical structure, it is divided into primary ...