In Python, Unicode strings and byte strings are distinct types of objects, and understanding how to work with them is critical for developing robust and internationalized software.

In Python, strings are Unicode by default. You can encode a Unicode string to a bytes object in UTF-8 format using the encode() method, or decode bytes to a string using decode().

Python 2 is going to be deprecated in 2020, and many companies are starting to look into how to upgrade. A major issue for them will be the strings in their programs. This article looks at strings, ...