How to Calculate Direct Labor Accounting. Plant accountants factor labor cost to determine the effectiveness of their labor input. In order to determine the cost of a unit of production, it is ...

Charles Blackorby, William Schworm, The Existence of Input and Output Aggregates in Aggregate Production Functions, Econometrica, Vol. 56, No. 3 (May, 1988), pp. 613-643 ...

At a basic level, this treats output as a function of labour, capital, energy and time—effectively adding Energy as a third input to the Cobb-Douglas model (Equation ).

We add to the methods for conditioning out serially correlated unobserved shocks to the production technology. We build on ideas first developed in Olley and Pakes (1996). They show how to use ...

This paper proposes a three-stage efficient GMM estimation algorithm for estimating firm-level production functions given spatial dependence across firms due to supplier/customer relationships, ...