A program (binary, or executable) is a file on disk somewhere, in a recognized format. Common formats include ELF on Linux, ...

First, Ubuntu runs shell scripts, not batch files, so your file must have a .sh extension. Secondly, Ubuntu forbids users to run any scripts on a file unless it has execute permissions. Ubuntu ...

How to Execute a File in a MacBook Terminal. The operating system your MacBook runs, OS X, is built on top of UNIX, and Terminal provides you with access to the underlying UNIX system commands.