The DES algorithm is a fixed-width encryption algorithm. Therefore, the input message is first padded to make sure that it will completely fit in “n” number of 64-bit blocks.

In September 1997, the NIST issued a request for possiblecandidates for a new AES to replace the DES. In August 1998, NISTselected 15 candidate algorithms and in August 1999, announced fivefinalists: ...

The algorithm, sometimes referred to as “single DES” uses a 56-bit key to encrypt blocks of data, and can produce up to 72,000,000,000,000,000 unique keys.

[Part 1 of this article begins with a review of various application security level categories and a look at hash algorithms as a basic level of security. Part 2 covers the basics for optimizing ...

Almost all todays newer encryption algorithms have roots in DES, on which the modern academic discipline of cryptography was founded. Every standard should have such long, useful life.

Cryptographic algorithms lie at the heart of modern information security, and substitution box (S‐box) design is a critical component in achieving robust encryption. S‐boxes provide the ...

That led NIST to launch a search for algorithms that are resistant to quantum factorisation in 2016, with a view to including them in its eventual post-quantum cryptography standardisation project.

Cryptographic algorithms are able to keep data secret because they are mathematically intensive to break. It would take a modern computer trillions of years to break just one set of encryption ...