In a closed-loop setup, the engine circulates engine coolant (typically a 50-50 mix of antifreeze and distilled water) through its water jacket, just like a car engine. Instead of dumping raw ...

Closed-loop flyback converter block diagram. Before making the necessary calculations for the controller to stabilize the peak current control mode flyback, it’s important to understand the components ...

Boat engines have either open or closed loop cooling systems. How do these two differ, and is one better than the other? Here's everything you need to know.