In multicellular organisms, growth factors, hormones, neurotransmitters, and extracellular matrix components ... signaling pathways, also called signal transduction cascades, typically amplify ...

This process begins at the cell membrane where an external stimulus initiates a cascade of enzymatic ... based on knowledge of key signal transduction components and their links to disease.

A study in mice reveals key interactions between proteins involved in fibroblast growth factor signaling and how they contribute to distinct stages of eye lens development.