The amplitude of the modulating signal controls the amplitude of the carrier frequency, as well as that of the sidebands, in the resulting spectrum. The strength of the modulation is called the depth ...

In this study, we use various signal constellation diagrams to classify signal modulations into 8 modulation types namely, Binary Phase-Shift Key-ing (BPSK),4-Pulse Amplitude Modulation ...

Here, an amplitude-phase-time block modulation (APTBM) scheme and a corresponding demodulation scheme for resisting amplifier nonlinearity are proposed, establishing a new paradigm for balancing the ...

A large proportion of the carbon emissions associated with wireless communications stem from electricity consumption during operation. Spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) are ...