Ancient microbes illustrate a particular kind of respiration in which carbon dioxide and hydrogen are combined to form acetic ...

“Microplastics are like rafts — a bacteria on its own might not be able to swim down a river, but riding in its biofilm on a tiny bit of plastic it can be disseminated into many different ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Clostridium scindens acts as a promising ...

The ability of bacteria to control the biophysical properties of their membrane phospholipids allows them to thrive in a wide range of physical environments. Fatty acid biosynthesis is an energy ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. The gut microbiome has emerged as a key player ...

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is one of the key molecules at the intersection of various cytosolic nucleic acid-sensing pathways, including cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), DEAD-box helicase ...

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that results when the immune system mistakenly attacks the brain and spinal cord. It affects nearly one million people in the US and over 2.8 million worldwide. While ...

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have. Amino acids are in an equilibrium between two acids with ...

How well can current assets cover current liabilities? Sean Ross is a strategic adviser at 1031x.com, Investopedia contributor, and the founder and manager of Free Lances Ltd. Amy is an ACA and ...