Current source and measurement Figure 7 shows the digital outputs of the microcontroller that connect to a DAC circuit (AD420) with 16-bit CMOS current output using the SPI protocol. With this circuit ...

The simple circuit in the figure adds a few low-cost components to a “dumb driver” to make it a smart one, with added short-circuit protection and built-in diagnostics.

This simple circuit based on a PIC microcontroller generates a Gaussian analog output. However, unlike most circuits, it does not need a DAC to transform the digital bits into an analog signal ...

John Ross is the editor of the Short Circuit newsletter and the producer of the Bound By Oath podcast, two incomparable projects of surpassing importance from the Institute for Justice.