IN many closed-loop control systems, an analysis of the system discloses that it is possible for signal energy to traverse different paths and to be modified in a different manner in these various ...

The existence of feedback loop in the baroreflex system makes it difficult to determine the open-loop transfer function characteristic of the central arc by which blood pressure (BP) modulates ...

G(s)H(s) = T(s) is called the open-loop transfer function. The magnitude of T(s) is the open-loop gain, sometimes called the loop gain, and T θ (s) is the phase of the open-loop gain or simply the ...