Learning Outcomes State the purpose for each component in an equivalent-circuit model. Compute approximate parameter values for a circuit model using data from a simple lab test. Determine coulombic ...

Here, the upper sign indicates the non-inverting connection; the lower is the inverting. The calculated open-circuit input impedance using this circuit is z 1 + N 12 z 12, as one would expect.

In this Design Idea, we explore several ways to use SPICE [1-3] circuit analysis software to determine the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuit parameters of linear active networks. The Thevenin ...