Abstract classes and interfaces in Java serve fundamentally different purposes. Learn the differences between these Java language elements and how to use them in your programs.

The difference between abstract classes and interfaces has long vexed Java developers. Find out how Java 8's default methods introduce both new complexity and new options to that familiar ...

Learn more about abstract classes and methods, as well as how abstract classes compare to interfaces and how abstraction compares to encapsulation.

Sealed classes in Java let developers limit the creation and use of subclasses and preserve the class hierarchy. Here is how sealed classes in Java work.

Rather than implementing an object-oriented programming architecture, the Rust language offers modular programming support, using traits rather than classes.