Kotlin was announced in 2011, but the first stable release, version 1.0, didn’t appear until 2016. The language is free and open source, developed by JetBrains with Andrey Breslav serving as its ...

The growth has put Kotlin in second place, albeit well behind Java, but now ahead of Clojure and Scala. Oracle JDK – Java Development Kit – is also losing share to OpenJDK alternatives.