Formulas are powerful tools for performing calculations and analyzing data in Excel. In this beginner’s guide, you’ll learn how to use formulas and explore some popular built-in functions.

If you’d like to learn about XLOOKUP(), read How to use the newish XLOOKUP() dynamic array function in Excel. I’m using Microsoft 365 on a Windows 10 64-bit system.

Appending records from different data sets into a single list or data range can be tedious if you’re doing it manually. Instead, use Microsoft Excel’s VSTACK() function.