Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the measure of oxygen gas that is physically dissolved in water. It is a critical parameter for ...

The sensors for monitoring different parameters in smart cities are becoming a hot topic for researchers all around the world. The smart grids are one of the main objectives of the smart city concept.

Oceans comprise about 96.5% of the water-covered surface (71%) of the Earth. Surprisingly, the salinity of these huge bodies ...

The smart water controller for metro water supply lines described in this work makes use of a relay, an ultrasonic sensor, a flow sensor, a solenoid valve, GPS, and GSM. The planned system is intended ...