For 1D functions, the program will generate a 2D plot of the function and the optimization path. For 2D functions, a 3D plot of the function's surface and the path taken by the gradient descent ...

plotcritpts2d () plots the toy problem function in 3D in the theta-phi plane and marks critical points. grad (t,p) returns the gradient at the point (t,p). Uses the gradient for spherical coordinates.

The framework of the proposed two-dimensional three-dimensional (2D–3D) registration method, from the very first input 3D image and 2D image, 3D image is projected to generate 2D image digitally ...

With the recent global push toward renewable energy and electric vehicles, the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rising rapidly. The performance and stability of LIBs largely depend on the ...

Aiming at the problem that the 2D LiDAR reflective intensity feature of reflector in indoor laser multilateral localization is easily affected by the environment, which makes the multilateral ...

The efficacy and reliability of segmentation models heavily rely on the activation functions employed within deep learning architectures. However, a persistent challenge lies in the inability of ...