Data encapsulation is a fundamental principle in object-oriented programming. It involves defining classes that manage their internal state through controlled access. In Java, this is typically ...

1️⃣ What is Encapsulation? Encapsulation is the bundling of data (attributes) and methods (behaviors) that operate on the data into a single unit (class), and restricting direct access to some of the ...

Encapsulation is one of the basic characteristics of object-oriented programming. However, the access modifiers provided by common object-oriented languages do not help much because they only ...

In this paper, we present a comprehensive benchmarking analysis of Homomorphic Polynomial Public Key (HPPK) cryptography, focusing on its Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM) and Digital Signature (DS) ...