No research has comprehensively assessed the overall robustness and potential vulnerabilities of deep-neural-network (DNN)-based models used for object detection and image classification in RS images.

The proposed method enhanced object detection and image classification by adapting to these challenges, resulting in improved generalization and robustness in real-world visual tasks.

"We sought to address the lack of comprehensive studies on the robustness of deep learning models used in remote sensing tasks, particularly focusing on image classification and object detection.