A classic example is the rooftop unit. With a rooftop unit, you tend to have four main states: off, free cooling, mechanical cooling, and mechanical heating. Each state is exclusive; you cannot be in ...

Chris Radley: A key element that has changed is the advent of high speed deterministic networks for supporting both the soft PLC (integrated logic via IEC61131-3) and motion. With Ethernet solutions ...

In between, when I 1 /I 2 = 0.4142, which we dubbed the half-excitation state, the stepper motor advances in a 16-step sequence and moves 1600 steps per revolution.