Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

The function of any electronic system is to automatically regulate output and keep it within the desired set point. If the input changes at any time, for any reason, the output of the system must ...

In temperature regulation, there are two types of systems: open loop and closed loop. Deciding which methodology to choose depends on the requirements of the process. Open-loop heating. Open-loop ...

Closed-Loop SCS and ECAPs. All commercially available SCS systems operate with an open-loop feature and have shortcomings: they do not measure or adjust for changes in the electrical field ...