With most low-cost microcontrollers, the key ingredients of a closed-loop system can be implemented. They are closed-loop feedback algorithms (i.e a PID control loop), a second feedback node to ...

Figure 1: Depicted is the power consumption of open loop vs. closed loop stepper systems. Consider a side-by-side comparison of a traditional, open loop step motor system and a fully closed loop ...

Aerodynamic modeling, mechanical engineering and motor winding are all critical. Since most designers do not manufacture their own fans, and have little influence on these factors, this article ...

Figure 6. The MAXREFDES71 subsystem block diagram. All the data shown here were generated on the MAXREFDES71# reference design board. Now designers can produce new closed-loop industrial systems with ...

Take a look at mechatronics' applications in diverse industries, such as automotive engine systems, hard-disk drives and Web-transport systems, and you'll find a growing emphasis on "sensorless ...

Most printer firmwares use an open loop control system for moving their motors around. Step a few times in one direction, and you know where the nozzle of a 3D printer will be.