We report a method of the construction of a sub-diffraction limit 3D focal spot array by a 4Pi focusing system consisting of two high-numerical-aperture (NA) objectives. The approach can be achieved ...

In this paper, a 3D beamforming phased array with 2D stacked tunable Nolen matrix is presented. The fundamental building block - tunable Nolen matrix is proposed to relax phase tuning range of phased ...