The bottom line is that feedback uses gain to reduce errors. A high gain in the controller creates a system whose output, Y, approaches the ratio of the forward and feedback transfer functions H R /H ...

State-space averaging and perturbation analysis is systematically applied to compute the open-loop and closed-loop transfer matrices (Tol and Tcl) of switching converters working in continuous ...

A new methodology for designing fractional-N frequency synthesizers and other phase locked loop (PLL) circuits is presented. The approach achieves direct realization of the desired closed loop PLL ...

This project proposes a closed loop speed control of induction motor where the speed control is based on V/F control with the help of SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) method. The whole ...