With the Paris 2024 Paralympics well under way, we take a look at how the classification system works in para-sport – and how are athletes’ classifications defined?

In the 1980s, supported by the demands of Games’ organising committees to reduce the number of sport classes, classification transitioned from medical to functional classification, a system still used ...

Sports such as swimming have developed a functional classification system, whereby every eligible athlete with a physical impairment is classified into one of ten classes (S1 to S10).

We examine the structural and functional classifications of the protein universe, providing an overview of the existing classification schemes, their features and inter-relationships. We argue ...

In 1948 Dr Ludwig Guttmann organised the first para-sport competitions, as an extension of the rehabilitation process. In the 1950s, questions were raised that “consideration must be given to whether ...