(It takes two bases to form a rung -- one for each side of the ladder.) A sugar molecule, a base, and a phosphate molecule group together to make up a nucleotide. Nucleotides are abundant in the ...

This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule. DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain ...

The sugar can be broken down in plant cells by the process of respiration to generate ATP. The chemical energy released by respiration can be used by the plant for cellular activities such as ...