The LED connects across the output transistor because this approach lets the inductive kickback voltage add to the battery-supply voltage and makes the LED brighter. This circuit operates well from ...

“The LED may also flash when the E and C leads are switched, but the flash rate will be faster,” Gerbig explained. “This reflects the fact that some types of transistor will operate with their emitter ...

Working of the sound processor circuit is very simple and straight forward. The circuit captures incoming sound signals through the microphone. When the circuit detects a sound activity it generates a ...

📖 About the Project This repository contains simple yet fundamental digital circuits built and simulated using Cadence Virtuoso. It is intended for students, educators, and enthusiasts who want to ...

A very simple but highly efficient combination lock circuit is shown in the figure. Any type of on/off switches can be used, varying from commercially available inexpensive types to more ...

A self-aligned 12-GHz Si bipolar transistor was fabricated in a relatively poorly equipped laboratory. Emitter and base profiles were implanted and no polysilicon emitter was used. The base ...

LEDs and Connecting wires Circuit Diagram of XOR Gate using Transistors The circuit diagram below illustrates the XOR gate using 5 NPN transistors. Here, I1 and I2 represent the two inputs, and O1 ...