Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place. Cells have many ribosomes, and the exact number depends on how active a particular cell is in synthesizing proteins.

The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as ... sequence of amino acids in a protein (Figure 3).

This process of protein synthesis occurs in two stages - transcription and translation. When a gene is to be expressed, the base sequence of DNA is copied or transcribed into mRNA (messenger RNA).