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J. E. KERRICH, SYSTEMS OF OSCULATING ARCS, Journal of the Institute of Actuaries (1886-1994), Vol. 66, No. 1 (MARCH 1935), pp. 88-124 ...
During the past decades, dozens of intelligent algorithms (IAs), such as genetic algorithm (GA), ant colony algorithm (ACA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), emerge to solve complex optimal problems ...