Circuit Diagram of XOR Gate using Transistors. The circuit diagram below illustrates the XOR gate using 5 NPN transistors. Here, I 1 and I 2 represent the two inputs, and O 1 signifies the output. The ...

The NAND gate outputs LOW only if all inputs are HIGH. Otherwise, the output is HIGH. Circuit Diagram: Operation: The two transistors are connected in series. For current to flow from Vcc through the ...

If you are driving the transistor’s base with 0V to 5V while emitter is on 12V (Vbe is then -7V to -12V), you can’t fully turn the transistor off as there is some base current flowing at all ...

Field-effect transistors fabricated from carbon nanotubes have been investigated extensively over the past two decades. This study demonstrates a nanotube-based integrated circuit design that ...

However, realizations of reversible circuits using electronic devices are not given adequate emphasis. In this paper, we propose preliminary ideas of implementations of NOT, Feynman, and Toffoli gates ...