Arithmetic circuits such as the digital adder and subtractor are simple combinational logic. In this lab, students learn to construct a 2-bit full adder/subtractor from basic combinational logic.

The full-adder circuit diagram shown in the previous page uses two XOR gates, two AND gates, and one OR gate. The circuit can be built with one 7408 AND chip, one 7432 OR chip, and one 7486 XOR chip.

Reversible logic gates are essential for quantum computing and low-power digital circuits as they enable the recovery of input signals from output signals, thereby minimizing energy dissipation. This ...