Excel has a versatile If, Then function built right into it. We’ll show you how to use the IF function in Excel with a number of helpful examples.

Figure E Use Excel’s BYROW () to evaluate by rows. As with Excel’s BYCOL (), you could do this with several MAX () functions, but that would require 11 functions and would return 11 result values.

In Excel spreadsheets, complex formulas are difficult to enter without making mistakes. Microsoft Excel’s LAMBDA() function can make such errors easier to find.