The study of such graphs is called graph theory. Engineers need to find planarity in a graph when, for example, they are designing a computer chip without a crossed wire.

The higher-order analogue of a graph, for example, is called a hypergraph, and instead of edges, it has “hyperedges.” These can connect multiple nodes, which means it can represent multi-way ...

Additionally, research on planar graphs has yielded new insights into the anti-Ramsey numbers for paths and cycles, thereby bridging classical graph theory with geometric constraints [3].

But the concept dates back to the 18th century, when Leonhard Euler laid the foundation of graph theory. Euler was a Swiss scientist and engineer whose solution to the Seven Bridges of Königsberg ...

We present a framework for identifying subpopulations in mega-patches using a combination of spatial autocorrelation and graph theory analyses. We apply our approach to southern California giant kelp ...

Claude Berge, Two Theorems in Graph Theory, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 43, No. 9 (Sep. 15, 1957), pp. 842-844 ...