Considering a constraint of an integer programming model where all the decision variables in the constraint are binary, the goal is to find another constraint involving the same binary variables that ...

For example, the strings "McCavity" and "Mccavity" have different `BINARY_CHECKSUM` values. In contrast, for a case-insensitive server, `CHECKSUM` returns the same checksum values for those strings.

Moneyness can also be used when conceptualizing the value of Nadex binary options and spread options. To determine the moneyness of a Nadex binary, traders look at the price of the binary.

Mature algorithms for the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) of binary constraint with discrete variables have already been obtained for the application. For the instance of multi value constraint ...

This paper shows that the performance of a binary classifier can be significantly improved by the processing of structured unlabeled data, i.e. data are structured if knowing the label of one example ...