For this purpose, a doctor may order anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, Sjögren's antigens (SSA, SSB), Scl-70 antibodies, anti-centromere, anti-histone, and anti-RNP. The ANA blood test can seem complicated.

The most frequent ANA patterns in PBC sera are the 'speckled' (Figure 1), the multiple nuclear dots (MND; Figure 2), the rim-like/membranous (RL/M; Figure 3) and the anticentromere (ACA ...

With a few exceptions, eukaryotic chromosomes have a single centromere that ensures their accurate segregation during mitosis. Chromosomes that lack centromeres segregate randomly during mitosis ...