Evolutionary biologists and animal behaviorists have sought to identify the mechanisms that can explain what some have called the “problem of altruism.” Natural selection operates against ...

While kindness is often seen as a uniquely human trait, it turns out that many animals also display behaviors that resemble empathy, compassion, and altruism. From ... Continue Reading → ...

The “Bridging Species: Advances in Relieving Distress in Humans & Animals” conference was organized by APRI as well as Stanford Effective Altruism (SEA) President Creagh Factor ’27 and co ...

Reciprocal altruism occurs where the roles of the donor and recipient are later reversed. This often occurs in social animals. For example, vampire bats feed only on blood. An individual cannot ...