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They built a gate using the two qudits encoded in each photon, for a total of four qudits in 32 dimensions, or possibilities, of both time and frequency. The more dimensions, the more entanglement.
And the length of the gate was the thickness of the graphene sheet—a single carbon atom, or 0.34 nanometers. From there, the team simply placed source and drain electrodes on either side of the ...